Types of CBD and the extraction process
There are many different types of CBD. Every person interested in using CBD should be informed about the difference between them and know how they are made. This information will help to make the right decision.
Full-spectrum, isolate and broad-spectrum are the most common types of CBD. And they are made with different extraction methods.
These different types of CBD refer to a plant’s cannabinoid profile.
Full-spectrum CBD
Full-spectrum CBD refers to an extract containing all compounds that are found naturally in the plant. They include terpenes, essential oils and other cannabinoids.
The full spectrum CBD, due to its compounds, magnifies the therapeutic benefits of each individual cannabinoid. This phenomenon is called the “entourage effect”1.
Full-spectrum CBD is produced through the CO2 extraction process that uses pressurised carbon dioxide to pull desired compounds from hemp plant2.
CO2 extraction is considered the best method to produce safe and high-quality products. It gives the possibility to regulate the solubility of individual compounds simply and effectively. The extraction method does not require additional purification as it does not use toxic solvents.
Full-spectrum CBD is recommended for individuals who need a certain THC to CBD ratio. People with the more severe condition due to the entourage effect of full-spectrum CBD may experience better impact in comparison with other types of CBD.
Also, the user should realise that full-spectrum CBD may have psychoactive, sedative and other qualities that you may consider as unwanted side effects. In addition, it may have a strong natural flavour and odour.
When looking for a full spectrum CBD, it is crucial to study test results and percentages of each cannabinoid in the product. Reputable manufacturers provide this information on the package label or product instruction.
Isolate CBD
Isolate CBD refers to the purest form of CBD in which all other plant compounds and cannabinoids have been removed.
After CBD concentrate is extracted and separated from other compounds, it goes through the winterization process which removes any remaining terpenes, cannabinoids or waxes2. This process creates a product that is 99 % pure CBD.
Isolate CBD is recommended for people who take high doses of CBD or have a sensitivity to other cannabinoids except for CBD. Also, people prefer, isolate CBD when they do not like strong flavour and odour of full-spectrum CBD.
Broad-spectrum CBD
Broad-spectrum CBD is a middle option between full-spectrum CBD and isolate-CBD. It is extracted as full-spectrum CBD but then it goes through a refinement process to remove all THC compounds3.
Broad-spectrum CBD is recommended for people who are sensitive to THC or newcomers who are hesitant about THC.
So, finding the right type of CBD product depends on several factors. Choosing the product depends on your health condition, symptoms, desirable effectiveness, personal sensitivity, and product cost. Also, be sure to read product label before use, and do not hesitate to ask questions.
References
1. Russo EB. The Case for the Entourage Effect and Conventional Breeding of Clinical Cannabis: No “Strain,” No Gain. Front Plant Sci. 2019;9. doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.01969
2. Ribeiro Grijó D, Vieitez Osorio IA, Cardozo-Filho L. Supercritical Extraction Strategies Using CO2 and Ethanol to Obtain Cannabinoid Compounds from Cannabis Hybrid Flowers. Journal of CO2 Utilization. 2019;30:241-248. doi:10.1016/j.jcou.2018.12.014
3. Ramírez M, Arevalo A, Sotomayor S, Bailón-Moscoso N. Contamination by oil crude extraction – Refinement and their effects on human health. Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987). 2017;231:415-425. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.017